pipeline {
    agent any
    stages {
        stage('First') {
            steps {
                echo 'Before step with error'
                catchError(message: 'Step had error.', stageResult: 'UNSTABLE') {
                    sh 'nonexistentcommand'
                }
                echo 'After step with error'
            }
            post {
                success {
                    echo 'First stage post success'
                }
                unsuccessful {
                    echo 'First stage post unsuccessful'
                }
            }
        }
        stage('Second') {
            steps {
                echo 'Stage after unstable stage'
            }
            post {
                success {
                    echo 'Second stage post success'
                }
                unsuccessful {
                    echo 'Second stage post unsuccessful'
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Running in Durability level: MAX_SURVIVABILITY
[Pipeline] Start of Pipeline
[Pipeline] node
Running on Jenkins in ...
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (First)
[Pipeline] echo
Before step with error
[Pipeline] catchError
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] sh
+ nonexistentcommand
.../script.sh: line 1: nonexistentcommand: command not found
[Pipeline] }
ERROR: Step had error.
ERROR: script returned exit code 127
[Pipeline] // catchError
[Pipeline] echo
After step with error
Post stage
[Pipeline] echo
First stage post unsuccessful
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Second)
[Pipeline] echo
Stage after unstable stage
Post stage
[Pipeline] echo
Second stage post unsuccessful
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
Finished: FAILURE