I'm able to see that trace in my logs:
Build timed out (after 15 minutes). Marking the build as failed.
Plugin version: 1.14.1
This appears in the console log when the build is marked as failed, not when the timeout occurs. Marking the build as failed is only one possibility after the timeout occurs. If you are not marking the job as failed as a result of the timeout, it's possible that nothing appears in the console logs.
I'm using plugin version 1.15.1 and I've had timeouts that do not mark the build as failed, and there is nothing in the logs to indicate it.
I'm able to see that trace in my logs:
Plugin version: 1.14.1