I put two archiveArtifacts steps in a declarative Jenkinsfile but only the files archived by the first step show up in the Jenkins UI.

dir('bin/Release') {
    archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'data/*.xml', fingerprint: true, onlyIfSuccessful: true
    archiveArtifacts artifacts: '**/*', excludes: '**/*.xml', fingerprint: true, onlyIfSuccessful: true
}

The build directory in the Jenkins master then contains both "archive.zip" with files from the first step, and "archive.zip.writing.zip" with files from the second step. I think the tempArchive.renameTo(archive); call in ZipStorage failed. There is a comment "TODO support updating entries", so this is apparently a known problem.

However, if this kind of thing is not supported, then I think the build should at least have failed with an explanation in Console Output. I got no warnings there, and the build succeeded:

[Pipeline] dir
Running in CENSORED\bin\Release
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] archiveArtifacts
Archiving artifacts
Recording fingerprints
[Pipeline] archiveArtifacts
Archiving artifacts
Recording fingerprints
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // dir
[Pipeline] }