It seems to be problematic to abort a build executing a Groovy Postbuild script using the Jenkins UI and even internal Jenkins API.

I tried to check if the current thread isn't interupted (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()), but it's not. The build results (manager.getResult()) is also SUCCESS.

Sample code:

int i=0

while (true) {

  if (++i > 20) {    //to do not create a zombie build :)
    manager.listener.logger.println "Timeout. Aborting..."
    break
  }

  if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
    manager.listener.logger.println "Interrupted. Aborting..."
    break
  }

  manager.listener.logger.println "Not aborted - ${manager.getResult()} - ${Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()}"

  sleep(1000)
}

results in:

Not aborted - SUCCESS - false
Not aborted - SUCCESS - false
(...)
Not aborted - SUCCESS - false
Timeout. Aborting...

Being unable to abort the build is very problematic for example if the Groovy script is used to call the external service waiting for some operation to finish.

The mailing list hasn't provied any other possible solution: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/jenkinsci-dev/jsXlO8CLwsI