See related posts:

https://www.reddit.com/r/jenkinsci/comments/jb6591/powershell_pipeline_example_doesnt_return/

https://www.jenkins.io/blog/2017/07/26/powershell-pipeline/

https://issues.jenkins-ci.org/browse/JENKINS-63944

Basically, the example from the Jenkins blog post on PowerShell does not display the expected output (build failure) when writing an error, despite the output in the blog post clearly showing that the build failed. This issue is present with both PowerShell 5.1 and PowerShell 7 on Windows, I did not test other PowerShell versions or operating systems.