As of 12/16/2021 it appears that the https://api.bitbucket.org/2.0/teams?role=  endpoint that is used to fetch group memberships has ceased to function, for at least some users.  The error page that is presented points to the following page: https://developer.atlassian.com/cloud/bitbucket/rest/api-group-teams/#api-teams-get.

That page shows that the teams endpoint used is deprecated and should no longer work, period.  It appears that the plugin needs to shift to using the workspaces endpoints.

See:  https://api.bitbucket.org/2.0/user/permissions/workspaces

My team was using the matrix permission strategy and since user group's cannot be discerned, no permissions are assigned.  The OAuth authentication still works, but permissions aren't assigned so no access is given to jenkins.