If you declare two (or more) times the same JDK version using different names you can install only one of them because of the name of the directory which is written inside the zip in the cache directory.

For example:

• Name: BUILD_JDK
• Version: jdk-11.0.16+8

• Name: SONARQUBE_JDK
• Version: jdk-11.0.16+8

The root directory inside [...]/jenkins-home/caches/adoptopenjdk/WINDOWS/amd64/jdk-11.0.16+8.zip is "BUILD_JDK" (the first used), so when it needs to install SONARQUBE_JDK it simply creates an empty directory.