I am able to start slave.jar via ssh or via jnlp.
The log of the connection shows that the node is correctly started.
In a project, I have 2 main parts:

• a svn checkout
• a shell command to start cmake + compilation.

If I launch my build, it hangs. Then, I disabled the svn checkout and leave only the shell command with a "echo hello".
If I start the build, it hangs with the following error message:

Started by user anonymous
[EnvInject] - Loading node environment variables.
Building remotely on slave_linux_64 in workspace /home/crystal/jenkins/workspace/TESTLinux
FATAL: command execution failed
java.io.IOException: Remote call on slave_linux_64 failed
at hudson.remoting.Channel.call(Channel.java:723)
at hudson.Launcher$RemoteLauncher.launch(Launcher.java:862)
at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.start(Launcher.java:353)
at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.join(Launcher.java:360)
at hudson.tasks.CommandInterpreter.perform(CommandInterpreter.java:91)
at hudson.tasks.CommandInterpreter.perform(CommandInterpreter.java:60)
at hudson.tasks.BuildStepMonitor$1.perform(BuildStepMonitor.java:20)
at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.perform(AbstractBuild.java:804)
at hudson.model.Build$BuildExecution.build(Build.java:199)
at hudson.model.Build$BuildExecution.doRun(Build.java:160)
at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.run(AbstractBuild.java:586)
at hudson.model.Run.execute(Run.java:1603)
at hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild.run(FreeStyleBuild.java:46)
at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:88)
at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:247)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class jenkins.model.Jenkins$MasterComputer
at hudson.Launcher$LocalLauncher.<init>(Launcher.java:755)
at hudson.Launcher$RemoteLaunchCallable.call(Launcher.java:991)
at hudson.Launcher$RemoteLaunchCallable.call(Launcher.java:965)
at hudson.remoting.UserRequest.perform(UserRequest.java:118)
at hudson.remoting.UserRequest.perform(UserRequest.java:48)
at hudson.remoting.Request$2.run(Request.java:326)
at hudson.remoting.InterceptingExecutorService$1.call(InterceptingExecutorService.java:72)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at hudson.remoting.Engine$1$1.run(Engine.java:63)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)
Build step 'Execute shell' marked build as failure
Finished: FAILURE

When I looked at the jenkins directory I configured on the slave, all the required jar are present, the workspace directory is present and the build directory is correctly created by the jenkins master. But nothing in this directory.